Religions, Morals and Civilization Essay -- religious beliefs

Religions, Morals and Civilization   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since the dawn of man, people have had their own forms of religion. Be it simple ceremonial burial or complex blessing rituals, each person had their own way to explain the wonders of nature like, how did we come here and what our purpose here was. Another thing that each individual person had was their own morals. Morals are what define a civilization. Labels like peaceful or barbaric are put on different civilizations because of their morals. The morality of each civilization defined their religious beliefs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The lives of people who lived in the early ancient history time period were tough. They had to roam the land always looking for new game to hunt and plants and berries to gather. The people weren't united because of all this traveling, and therefore contact with other people was minimal. Morals are hard to develop without much contact with other people and so the religion of these early people was minimal. Then came the development of farming into this time period. Farming brought the people together. Small cities began to develop because the people didn't have to move around as much. With all this closeness, the people developed moral views on what to think about thieves or murderers. If certain civilizations didn't mind violence and killing, then they developed into a Brutal civilization. Consequently, the religions of these civilizations were evolved around sacrificial rituals and allegiance to brutal gods. The Assyrian civilization worked around this principle. They used scare tactics to overcome their enemies and treated their captives badly. They also believed in powerful gods who they feared. If certain civilizations became peaceful, then their religion reflected their peaceful nature and didn't have things like sacrifices. The people in peaceful civilizations believed in their religion because they wanted to not because they were afraid to. A good example of this is the Hebrews. The Hebrews were a peaceful people who disliked violence. Because of this peaceful nature, their religion taught values like brotherhood, charity, human dignity, and universal peace. Violent cultures cause violent religions and peaceful cultures create peaceful religion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Greeks were a peaceful civilization. They believed in the idea of democracy and they strongly believed in philos... ...nce and being different. It isn't a coincidence that their religion contains many different gods each with its own personality and skills, like humans. The Roman culture dealt with so many different cultures, that its morals were frequently changing. The Romans changed their religion three times. During the Middle Ages, there was a decline of intelligence, cleanliness, and overall morals. The church became the tax collection agency, the hospital, and the school, which is a direct correlation between the decline in morals. So the increase in power of the church in the Middle Ages was because of a change in morals. The Renaissance was a rebirth of ideas and morality. These changes had the greatest effect on the church, which had grown strong in the Middle Ages. The peoples changing morals forced them to adopt new religions like Luthernism and Protestantism. Morals are what define a human being. They become present in every part of life, especially religion. Because civilization is moving so fast forward, peoples morals are changing rapidly too. When peoples morals change, it changes their whole life. That is why there have been so many different religions in the past.

Anatomy Case paper Essay

You are a first-year RN student and you volunteered to work for San Antonio Hospital in the ER Department. Patient John Doe was brought by the ambulance after he collapsed at work. The triage nurse is assessing him for further evaluation by the ER Physician on duty. Based on your study of Anatomy and using your critical thinking skills, you were given the following criteria about Mr. Doe: 1. Personal History: 65 years old, married with two children. 2. Medical History: Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Renal Stones, Anemia, Acne, Prostatic Hyperplasia, Muscular Dystrophy, Hemiplegia, Coronary Artery Disease, G.E.R.D. and ED. The Triage Nurse asked the patient to wait for his turn, until Dr. Johnson examines him. A. Definitions: Diabetes Mellitus: a disorder in which the pancreas no longer produces enough insulin, or cells in the body stop responding to the insulin being produced. This causes high levels of glucose in the blood and cannot be absorbed into the cells in the body. Hypertension: is abnormally high blood pressure, blood pressure is a type of measurement to be able to tell what the force is against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood through the body. Renal Stones: a Kidney stone is a solid mass which is made up from crystals that separates from the urine and builds up on the inner surfaces of the kidney. Anemia: is a condition where the body has a deficiency of healthy hemoglobin (red blood cells) to carry adequate oxygen to the tissues in the body. Acne: is an inflammatory skin disease that occurs when the hair follicles becomes inflamed or infected due to clogging of sebaceous glands. Prostatic Hyperplasia: benign enlargement of the prostate gland. Muscular Dystrophy: is a group of inherited disorders that involve muscle weakness and muscle loss gradually decline over a period of time. Hemiplegia: is paralysis of one side of the body. Coronary Artery Disease: condition due to a blockage or narrowing of small blood vessels that supply the blood and oxygen to the heart. Gastroesophagel Reflux Disease (G.E.R.D.): condition due to when the muscle at the end of the esophagus doesn’t close causing the stomach contents (food or gastric acid) that leaks backwards from the stomach into the esophagus. Erectile Dysfunction (E.D.): a sexual dysfunction which is the inability to achieve, or maintain an erection of the penis long enough to engage in satisfactory sexual intercourse. Blood Calcium level: Normal values range from 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL. Note: gm/dL = grams per deciliter Hemoglobin: Male: 13.8 to 17.2 gm/dL Female: 12.1 to 15.1gm/dL C. Based on your knowledge of the normal values and Mr. Doe’s condition, explain the homeostatic disturbance of each problem that Mr. Doe suffers from. Diabetes Mellitus: Hemostasis in correlation with diabetes is the hemostatic system which is responsible for checking, maintain, and balancing the proper rise and fall of glucose levels in the blood. In Mr. Doe’s body since he had diabetes, his pancreas produces too not enough or no insulin. People with type II diabetes is normally developed later in life and becomes resistant to the effects of insulin overall, but can be reversed and controlled. Hypertension: Homeostatic disturbances that could be responsible for Mr. Doe’s HTN could be a result from some of the medication he is taking. Another factor is his weight, diet, and lack of physical exercise. In a normal system the force of blood against the artery walls doesn’t have a negative effect. Therefore, would not cause physical him to have any serious health conditions. However, when a person like Mr. Doe suffers from HTN, the force of the blood against the artery wall thus resulting in heart disease. Renal Stones: In a normal system the calcium levels in the blood are at a safe level, and helps with contracting muscles, releasing hormones making sure that nerves and the brain are functioning properly. In like Mr. Doe who has too high calcium levels in his blood can cause renal stones can begin to develop. Renal stones block the ability of homeostasis to occur. When these calcium deposits get lodged and block urine from being able to exit in order empty out the bladder, thus the body isn’t able to function properly. Anemia: Healthy hemoglobin (red blood cells) are extremely important in a person’s system, because they are rich carriers of oxygen to the tissues in the body. When a person like Mr. Doe loses this ability many negative symptoms can occur in the body. The cause of Mr. Doe’s anemia may be a result from any Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) he may be on for any number of the other complications he is suffering from. He may also have a vitamin deficiency which would be a factor in low iron levels. Without proper homeostasis it would be easy to understand why a patient like Mr. Doe is experiencing this condition. Acne: In a normal system the hair follicles on different surfaces of the body function properly and do not become clogged. When a person has hair follicles becomes plugged with oil from the sebaceous glands mixed with dead skin cells will result in acne. Homeostasis correlates to the removal of toxins from the body, and causes a disturbance which results inflammation and infections in the skin. Prostatic Hyperplasia: As men age they are more prone to experience enlargement of their prostate glands. Mr. Doe is experiencing this condition which is more common for men his age, due to the homeostatic disturbance in his hormones and cellular growth. Muscular Dystrophy: Muscle fibers in a normally functioning system are extremely touch and resistant to damage and injury. In a person who is suffering from muscular dystrophy these fibers become weaker gradually over time and become more susceptible to damage. This is caused to defective genes that are involved in making proteins that protect the muscle fibers. Disturbance in homeostasis could factor that is responsible for some of these genetic mutations. Hemiplegia: Most people have normal functions with movement on both sides of their body. When someone like Mr. Doe suffers from one side of their body having the same paralysis and limitations of movement. This is most often the leading culprit that is heard about hemiplegia. The homeostatic disturbance in Mr. Doe’s system related to HTN which could also be what is causing his movement disorder. Having a stroke could also be responsible for this condition and may have gone un-detected and untreated because Mr. Doe may not have realized he was having a stroke. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): The coronary arteries (which are the major blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen, blood and nutrients) can become damaged if a high amount of cholesterol is continuously deposited over time. Homeostatic disturbances such as HTN and diabetes are indicators of why Mr. Doe is experiencing this disease. This is turn can cause him to suffer from a heart attack. G.E.R.D.: In a normal functioning system after a person eats a meal the food goes to the stomach to begin the digestion process. The homeostatic disturbance that causes a patient like Mr. Doe to experience a reflux of stomach acid relaxation of muscles in the lower esophageal sphincter and its failure to close and prevent the back flow of food or liquid from returning upwards. E.D.: As most men age and are in Mr. Doe’s age begin to start experiencing issues, or complications with their prostate and the ability to perform sexually. A patient that is younger is able to maintain an erection for a longer period of time and perform a satisfactory sexual intercourse. Not have to worry or be concerned with experiencing this complication. Due to the fact Mr. Doe has an enlarged prostate gland and diabetes could be a leading indicator resulting in some of the homeostatic disturbances that is resulting in him having erectile dysfunction. D. Upon histological examination of mammal pancreas under the microscope, describe the different features of this Specimen. Figure 1 Anatomy of the pancreas Upon histological examination of a normal human pancreas the Aplha cells which produce glucagon, and Beta cells which produce insulin can easily be identified under the microscope. The bulk of the pancreas is an exocrine gland secreting pancreatic fluid into the duodenum after a meal. However, scattered through the pancreas are several hundred thousand clusters of cells called islets of Langerhans. Upon histological exam of a human pancreas with diabetes it is easy to identify the difference in the cells from a healthy pancreas. The reason is due to the fact the Beta cells are either attacked, or rejected the insulin which is causing the insulin production to be affected. The alpha cells are responsible for elevating the glucose levels in the blood which are also being affected due to the diabetes. The following describes the process of insulin in the pancreas: The islets are endocrine tissue containing four types of cells. In order of abundance, they are the: †¢ beta cells, whi ch secrete insulin and amylin

Causes of Climate Change. Is It Nature of Negligence?

BRETT LUCAS TRINITY COLLEGE L6 SCIENCE GEOGRAPHY CLIMATE CHANGE: NATURE OR NEGLIGENCE The climate of our world is changing, but why? There is a great debate going on in the scientific community on whether our current climate change crisis is a natural occurrence over millions of years – as what has happened on the planet of Mars – or this natural process is being accelerated by man’s negligence. But first we must establish what is climate change? Climate Change is a long-term shift in the statistics of weather (taken from weather. gov October 2007 article on Climate Change).Throughout our planets long history our climate has changed between hot and cold in each time period from the Precambrian period to today. The Earth’s climate has always been considered dynamic with changes occurring through a natural cycle. What we are all concerned about here on earth is whether the changes that have happened today have been accelerated because of man’s living trends. Scientists from classrooms to NASA specialists study climate change, and evidence such as tree rings, pollen samples, ice cores and sea sediments provide vital information.Scientists have all agreed that causes of climatic change are of two types – those that are due to natural causes and those that are created by the main inhibitors of earth, Man. Natural Causes Continental Drift This has been happening on our planet from the beginning of time, which is caused by the continuous movement of our tectonic plates. The proof of our theory is that the western side of Africa and the eastern side of South America seems to be able to fit like a jigsaw puzzle and they have similar fossils.In the past all of the continents formed a massive super continent called Pangaea. When the continent separated it caused great changes to the earth’s ocean current pattern, therefore causing a the fresh and salt water cycle to be off balance thus affecting our planet’s climate. Volcanoes During volcanic eruptions large volumes of greenhouse gases (sulphur dioxide (SO2), water vapour, dust, and ash) are dispersed into the earth’s atmosphere. These gases trap heat from exiting the atmosphere after the earth has absorbed what it can from the Sun.For example, in April 1991 Mount Pintoba in the Philippines erupted emitting tonnes of gases into the atmosphere. The volcano in its eruption destroys natural life on the land surface with its lava. When the volcano is an undersea volcano it can displace great amounts of water during an eruption especially when the undersea volcano creates an island, which can further affect the ocean currents. The Earth’s Tilt The earth, which is tilted at an angle of 23. 5Â ° to the perpendicular plane of its orbital path, makes a full orbit around the sun in one year.For half of the year the northern hemisphere is tilted towards sun, which is summer for the North Pole (6 months of daylight). In the other half the no rthern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun therefore the North Pole will have winter (6 months of darkness). If there was no tilt, there wouldn’t have been any seasons. If the tilt was more the summers and winters would have been intensified whilst if the tilt was less, the summers would have been cooler and the winters would have been warmer. Greenhouse EffectThe greenhouse effect occurs when heat energy from the sun enters the earth’s atmosphere and most is being absorbed by the earth. The reflected heat energy rays is sent back into the atmosphere but most is then stopped by the greenhouse gases (such as water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and chlorofluorocarbons) which keep most of the reflected heat energy from escaping and reflecting it back down to earth with more heat energy from the sun. With this continuous action the earth’s surface temperature will rise. Ocean CurrentsThe world’s oceans are major components in the climate s ystem. They cover approximately 71% of the earth and absorb about twice as much of the sun’s radiation as the atmosphere or the land surface. The ocean current moves heat around the earth (which is about same as the atmosphere). Winds push horizontally against the sea surface and drive ocean current patterns. Ocean currents influence certain parts of the world more than others. For example the Humboldt Current that flows along the coastline of Peru directly affects the coast off of Peru and other adjoining regions.The El Nino in the Pacific Ocean affects the climatic conditions all over the world due to the ocean currents. Ocean currents can affect places that share the same latitude in Europe and North America. Any of these phenomena can have an impact on the climate, as is believed to have happened at the end of the last Ice – Age, about 14000 years ago. Human Causes Use of Oil, Coal and Natural Gas With the dawn of the Industrial Revolution in the 19th Century, we s aw the large-scale use of fossil fuels (such as Oil, Natural Gas, and Coal) for industrial activities (factories, electricity).These activities created jobs and over the years people moved from rural areas to cities. In the present day we use these fossil fuels on a much larger scale to power almost every thing, which in turn let out millions of tonnes of carbon dioxide each day increasing the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which creates more heat coming down to the earth, melting our polar ice capes and raising sea levels. Further heated seas will increase the number and intensity of hurricanes and other climatic natural disasters around the world (for example hurricane Ivan which hit the country of Grenada in 2004).How we all contribute Every Day All of us in our daily routines contribute our bit to this change in climate. For example: * Electricity is the main source of power in urban areas. All our gadgets run on electricity generated mainly from thermal power pla nts. These power plants run on fossil fuels. * Cars, buses, trains, aircraft and trucks are the most common ways of transportation for goods and people in and out of cities. These means of transport need to be powered to move therefore its usually powered by petrol or diesel. Large quantities of waste are generated in the form of plastics that remain in the environment for many years and cause damage. * Many trees are destroyed to facilitate the high demand for paper, which is being used in our work at school and offices. Trees are also destroyed for timber. With the continuous destruction of our forest this will increase the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. * With our global population increasing at a rapid rate, we will need food to feed this population.Therefore more farms will be needed for the growing of the food, thus more fertilizers being used to grow the crops better. Due to the high use of fertilizers large amounts of nitrous oxide is emitted into the atmosphere ad ding to the amount of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere. Global Warming This is I caused by man’s intense use of the earth’s resources creating a high above normal greenhouse gas levels. These high levels of greenhouse gases are warming up the earth and depleting our ozone layer.A hole has been formed over Antarctica, which was caused by global warming. This hole is allowing more sunlight to enter the earth’s atmosphere thus melting our polar ice caps and raising our sea levels (the sea is rising at a rate of 3. 33mm per year – NASA). With the warming up of the earth the sea will also be warmed thus creating stronger hurricanes and longer hurricane seasons. Conclusion There is no doubt that the earth in its own natural evolution would have created significant occurrences of climatic change.Thing such as continental drift, volcanoes, the earth’s tilt, the greenhouse effect and ocean currents are all parts of the natural order. We know scientifical ly that the earths has been around for millions of years and there is no definitive time when these natural causes would have impacted climate change to the point where earth would have deteriorated to a stage similar to the planet Mars. What is clear though is that the impact of man’s lifestyle has negatively affected climate change to the point where the destruction of earth is now in the foreseeable future.Governments of nations around the world, advised by scientist have now embarked on programs to decelerate the speed of climatic change by developing green engineering – which is the design, commercialization, and use of processes and products that are feasible and economical while minimizing the generation of pollution at the source and risk to human health and the environment. Green engineering embraces the concept that decisions to protect human health and the nvironment can have the greatest impact and cost effectiveness when applied early to the design and dev elopment phase of a process or product. (United States Environmental Agency) Man must now act to determine the survival of Earth Existence. Bibliography 1Climate InstituteClimate. org 2Causes of Climate ChangePhysical Geography. net 3Global Climate ChangeNational Aeronautics and Space Administration 4Causes of Climate Change 5Geography for ASEditor – Clive Hart 6Geography – An Integrated ApproachDavid Waugh

Beauty and Brain

Beauty is not about having a beautiful skin, or body. It's about what's within. If you have a good and a pleasing personality, then you have to consider yourself beautiful from within. In behalf of being beautiful, let's Just don't forget about having a well- functioned brain. Like for example, Joining beauty pageant. People would probably say What is beauty if brain is empty' when Judges must asked you a question. So we must study hard to consider ourselves Beauty and Brain. Beauty is not about having a beautiful skin, or body.It's about what's within. If you have a good and a pleasing personality, then you have to consider yourself beautiful from within. In behalf of being beautiful, let's Just don't forget about having a well-functioned brain. Like for example, Joining beauty pageant. People would probably say What is beauty if brain is empty' when Judges must asked you a question. So we must study hard to consider ourselves Beauty and Brain. From within. In behalf of being beauti ful, let's Just don't forget about having a well- example, Joining beauty pageant.People would probably say What is beauty If brain ourselves Beauty and Brain. Beauty Is not about having a beautiful skin, or body. It's about what's within. If you have a good and a pleasing personality, then you have to consider yourself beautiful from within. In behalf of being beautiful, let's Just don't forget about having a well-functioned brain. Like for example, Joining beauty pageant. People would probably say ‘What Is beauty If brain Is empty' when Judges must asked you a question. So we must study hard to consider ourselves Beauty and Brain.

Electromagnetic Radiation and Valence Electrons

Introductory Chemistry, 2e (Tro) Chapter 9 – Electrons in Atoms and the Periodic Table True/False Questions 1) When the elements are arranged in order of increasing number of protons, certain sets of properties recur periodically. 5) A particle of light is called a packet. 9) Ultraviolet light produces suntans and sunburns. 13) Electrons behave like particles and we can describe their exact paths. 17) The ground state is when an electron in an atom is excited into the lowest possible vacant orbital. 21) Bromine has 17 valence electrons. 5) The atomic radius of lithium is larger than the atomic radius of nitrogen. Multiple Choice Questions 29) The number of cycles of a wave that passes a stationary point in one second is called its A) wavelength B) frequency C) crest D) trough E) none of the above 33) Which color of the visible spectrum has photons with the most energy? A) red B) orange C) green D) violet E) yellow 37) Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wav elength? A) Radio Waves B) Microwaves C) X-rays D) Gamma Rays E) Infrared Radiation 41) Which form of electromagnetic radiation has photons with the lowest energy?A) Radio Waves B) Microwaves C) X-rays D) Gamma Rays E) Infrared Radiation 45) Which statement below does NOT follow the Bohr Model? A) When energy is absorbed by atoms, the electrons are promoted to higher-energy orbits. B) When an atom emits light, electrons fall from a higher orbit into a lower orbit. C) The energy emitted from a relaxing electron can have any wavelength. D) Electrons exist in specific, quantized orbits. E) none of the above 49) How many subshells are there in the n = 4 principal shell?A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) not enough information 53) Which one of the following is the correct orbital diagram for nitrogen? A) ^v ^v v v ^ B) ^v vv v ^ ^ C) ^v vv ^ ^ ^ D) ^v ^v ^ ^ ^ E) none of the above 57) How many electrons are unpaired in the orbitals of nitrogen? 61) How many core electrons are in a chlorine atom? A) 14 B) 5 C) 9 D) 3 E) none of the above A) 1 B) 17 C) 10 D) 7 E) none of the above 65) What do the alkali metals all have in common? A) They all undergo similar reactions. B) They all have similar physical properties. C) They all form +1 ions.D) They all have the same number of valence electrons. E) all of the above 69) The size of an atom generally increases A) down a group and from right to left across a period. B) up a group and from left to right across a period. C) down a group and from left to right across a period. D) up a group and from right to left across a period. E) up a group and diagonally across the Periodic Table. 73) Which of the following atoms is the smallest? A) Li B) Be C) B D) O E) Ne Answers 1t 5f 9t 13f 17f 21f 25t 29b 33d 37a 41a 45c 49d 53d 57d 61c 65e 69a

Marcos’ family Essay

Unlike the Antagonist, the protagonist is introduced from the first scene, Eddie Carbone. At first we don’t see him as the mean and vicious person he later turns out to be. From this we get an understanding as to what kind of ‘hero’ he is. During the course of the play Eddie becomes an evil ‘hero’. Making the protagonist an evil person makes the play more effective. At no point does Eddie actually break the law, but instead breaks the rules of society. The society in which Eddie lives, (full of Italian immigrants) has made it a golden rule not to snitch, not to tell on anyone that may be doing something wrong in the governments eyes but not in theirs. Eddie makes this the first thing that Catherine and Beatrice have to know before the arrivals of the cousins. He tells them a true story about Vinnie B, how he betrayed his family by snitching to the authorities about the illegal immigrants his family was hiding. As a result Vinnie gets treated like a foreigner in his own family, and gets thrown down the stairs and has to leave the house despite being the youngest. In this play there is unity of time, place and action, all the action appears to be continuous in one place. Miller brings unity into the play, everything happens over a period of time there are no gaps except the gap between Acts 1& 2 allowing time for Catherine and Rodolfo’s relationship to grow; the unity in this play brings all the action, betray and romance in one place so it gives the audience a better understanding as what is happening. Whereas if one thing was happening in Jersey and another thing in New York it wouldn’t keep the audience interested. Miller creates a sense of pity and sorrow over the audience at the very end of the drama. Eddie ringing the Immigration Bureau brings us to the catastrophe. It is Marco who breaks the law. We, as the viewers, believe that Marco has done nothing wrong but to defend his beliefs, which is to protect his name and by doing so protecting his family. Eddies manliness was challenged when Marco confronted him to a chair lifting contest; this warned Eddie to stay away from Rodolfo. Mixing the pathos and misery with the catastrophe of Eddie’s death makes the drama much more effective. After taking a traumatic journey through Eddies mind, the audience is left to think that he will never love Beatrice again because he has been showing all his emotions, especially ‘lust’ the feeling that is usually associated with couples, towards her niece, but Miller surprises us because Eddie reclaims his love for his wife Beatrice, this is a very tear-jerking scene. He turns what the law says is right into a moral wrong, by having Eddie obey the law and telling the authorities that there are illegal immigrants in the community, but by doing so he is also put the lives of Marcos’ family in Sicily in jeopardy. Miller has borrowed many elements from the Greek Tragedy; he has used the prologue to set the basis of the play, which gave a strong sense of fate from the beginning that something awful is going to come out of Eddie taking in the two cousins. Miller has used Eddie as the Protagonist and also an evil hero. The unity of time and place has been used through out the whole play to give the audience understanding; having things done within 24 hours was significant as to what happened the next day. To have many scenes in separate places may have confused the audience. Miller made the chorus more effective by using the narrator (Alfieri) as the voice behind the story, he expressed the traditional morals and the social attitudes that the audience relate to. The pathos has been used several times in this piece of drama, one example being, when Eddie reclaims his love for Beatrice. This was a tear-jerking scene in the drama, not just making the play dramatic but allowing the audience to feel pity and sorrow for Eddie. Miller borrowing such elements has made the play more effective.

Credit Card Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Credit Card Security - Research Paper Example is known as the Fraud Protection Guarantee, wherein the card holder is free from any fraudulent charges whether the credit card is used on the internet or not. It promotes maximum security because of its secure encryption technology that keeps the cardholders information strictly confidential (americanexpress.com, n. p.). For secure and safe online shopping, MasterCard has its MasterCard Secure Code; it works as having a personal code only known to the cardholder. Visa on the other hand, is also cooking up its own scheme of credit card security measure. counterfeit credit card, which makes up 37 percent of credit card frauds. Criminals who make fake credit cards employ the latest technology to "skim information" that are embedded on the magnetic stripes of the credit card and pass security measures, like holograms ("Credit Card Fraud Statistics and Facts," n. p.). In other words, using credit card online makes you susceptible to all kinds of credit card fraud. One interesting question is how criminals get a hold of your information. Although the most common perception is that credit card info is intercepted once the card is used online. That is an interesting theory, but experts explain that e-commerce has created an environment where anonymity is practiced; meaning cards are being used even without identifiers (Faughnan, n. p.). This could be the one problem that big credit card companies try to address with the code systems of their new security measure program. Another way of stealing a cardholders information is using a particular online business as a front to get credit card info. One common and enticing site is pornography site. Such is designed as a legitimate business, thus can easily asked for a persons credit card information once that person is interested in one of the sites services. This is what is identified as selling information because these are vendors and purchasers that only deal with information and need no physical a ddress for